| webmaster@klingonska.org | http://klingonska.org/ref/adv.html | Changed: 2007-07-15, 07:37 |
The adverbial normally preceedes the objectverbsubject construction, but is sometimes itself preceeded by other elements (typically a time element such as at three o'clock or tomorrow). However it may also be placed between the object and the verb, if the object is topicalized with the 'e' suffix.
Adverbials may be used as exclamations functioning as more or less a sentence in their own right (for example: wej Don't do it yet!, nom Quickly - come on!, nIteb Do it alone!).
| jay' | intensely (invective) (adv) | Comes at the end of a sentence. | [TKDa p.177] |
| neH | only, merely, just (adv) | Follows the verb or noun it modifies. | [TKD pp. 56-57, TKW] |
The two above adverbials display a more irregular behaviour than the others. jay' is always placed last in the sentence an has the effect of intensifying it (for example: tIbach jay' Shoot him, goddamnit!). neH may be used after a verb to trivialize it's effect (for example: vIqIppu' neH I only hit him.) or after a noun to mean only (for example: jonta' neH just the engine).
| batlh | honored, with honor, honorably, honorable, well (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| batlhHa' | dishonorably (adv) | [TKW, KGT] | ||
| bong | accidentally, by accident (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| chaq | perhaps, maybe (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| cha'logh | twice (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| chIch | purposely, on purpose, intentionally (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| DaH | now (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| Do' | luckily, with luck (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| Do'Ha' | unfortunately (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| ghaytan | likely (adv) | [TKDa] | ||
| Hochlogh | all times, always (emphatic) (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| jaS | differently (adv) | [TKDa] | ||
| loQ | slightly, a little bit (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| motlh | usually, typically, as expected (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| nIteb | alone, acting alone (adv) | [TKDa, TKW] | ||
| nom | fast, quickly (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| not | never (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| paghlogh | zero times, never (emphatic) (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| pay' | suddenly (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| pe'vIl | forcefully, by force (adv) | [TKDa, TKW] | ||
| pIj | often, frequently (adv) | [TKD, TKW, KGT] | ||
| pIjHa' | seldom, infrequently (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| qen | recently, a short time ago (adv) | [Newsgroup 1999-03-02] | ||
| QIt | slowly (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| reH | always (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| roD | customarily, habitually, regularly (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| rut | sometimes, occasionally (adv) | [TKD, TKW, KGT] | ||
| SIbI' | immediately (adv) | [TKDa] | ||
| tugh | soon (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| tlhoS | almost, nearly, virtually, not quite (adv) | [KGT] | ||
| vaj | so, then, thus, in that case (adv) | [TKD, TKW] | ||
| wa'logh | once (adv) | [TKD] | ||
| wej | not yet (adv) | [TKD, TKW] |
| ©1998-2000, Copyright Zrajm C Akfohg, Klingonska Akademien, Uppsala. | ||